In graphical computing, a desktop environment (DE, sometimes desktop manager) presents a graphical user interface (GUI) to the user. The name is derived from the desktop metaphor used by most of these interfaces, as opposed to the earlier, textual command line interfaces (CLI). A desktop environment typically provides icons, windows, toolbars, folders, wallpapers, and desktop widgets. In addition, a desktop environment may offer collaboration support like drag and drop and inter-process notification. On the whole, the purpose of a desktop environment is the consistent integration of a graphical user interface and its applications to the user with a consistent look and feel.

Reference:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_environment
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